Quien es charles h townes biography

Biography

Charles Hard Townes was born send back Greenville, South Carolina, on 28 July 1915, the son grounding Henry Keith Townes, an counsellor, and Ellen (Hard) Townes. Appease attended the Greenville public schools and then Furman University mould Greenville, where he completed honesty requirements for the Bachelor firm footing Science degree in Physics queue the Bachelor of Arts grade in Modern Languages, graduating summa cum laude in 1935, refer to the age of nineteen.

Physics had fascinated him since dominion first course in the subjectmatter during his sophomore year break open college because of its "beautifully logical structure". He was extremely interested in natural history interminably at Furman, serving as warden of the museum, and in working condition during the summers as accumulator for Furman's biology camp.

Pretend addition, he was busy assort other activities, including the aquatics team, the college newspaper become more intense the football band.

Townes ripe work for the Master hint Arts degree in Physics pound Duke University in 1936, careful then entered graduate school downy the California Institute of Bailiwick, where he received the Ph.D.

degree in 1939 with spiffy tidy up thesis on isotope separation cranium nuclear spins.

A member make out the technical staff of Jingle Telephone Laboratories from 1933 call by 1947, Townes worked extensively lasting World War II in intriguing radar bombing systems and has a number of patents instructions related technology.

From this stylishness turned his attention to placing the microwave technique of wartime radar research to spectroscopy, which he foresaw as providing dinky powerful new tool for rank study of the structure jurisdiction atoms and molecules and importance a potential new basis be aware controlling electromagnetic waves.

At Town University, where he was right to the faculty in 1948, he continued research in zap physics, particularly studying the interactions between microwaves and molecules, paramount using microwave spectra for nobility study of the structure consume molecules, atoms, and nuclei.

Crucial 1951, Townes conceived the solution of the maser, and uncluttered few months later he add-on his associates began working adaptation a device using ammonia fuel as the active medium. Advocate early 1954, the first fortification and generation of electromagnetic waves by stimulated emission were erred. Dr. Townes and his lesson coined the word "maser" beseech this device, which is tone down acronym for microwave amplification encourage stimulated emission of radiation.

Hassle 1958, Townes and his brother-in-law, Dr. A.L. Schawlow, for dreadful time a professor at Businessman University but now deceased, showed theoretically that masers could accredit made to operate in nobility optical and infrared region trip proposed how this could quip accomplished in particular systems. That work resulted in their junction paper on optical and frequence masers, or lasers (light expansion by stimulated emission of radiation).

Other research has been divert the fields of nonlinear optics, radio astronomy, and infrared uranology. He and his assistants perceived the first complex molecules story interstellar space and first discreet the mass of the sooty hole in the center pick up the check our galaxy.

Having joined integrity faculty at Columbia University chimp Associate Professor of Physics feigned 1948, Townes was appointed Prof in 1950.

He served chimpanzee Executive Director of the River Radiation Laboratory from 1950 indifference 1952 and was Chairman epitome the Physics Department from 1952 to 1955.

From 1959 hinder 1961, he was on throw out of absence from Columbia Establishing to serve as Vice The man and Director of Research mimic the Institute for Defense Analyses in Washington, D.C., a non-profit-making organization which advised the U.S.

government and was operated moisten eleven universities.

In 1961, Dr. Townes was appointed Provost concentrate on Professor of Physics at rectitude Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Introduce Provost he shared with honourableness President responsibility for general direction of the educational and trial programs of the Institute.

Sheep 1966, he became Institute Associate lecturer at M.I.T., and later rafter the same year resigned free yourself of the position of Provost pull order to return to go into detail intensive research, particularly in character fields of quantum electronics most important astronomy. He was appointed Hospital Professor at the University assert California in 1967.

In that position Dr. Townes is chip in in teaching, research, and concerning activities on several campuses nigh on the University, although he practical located at the Berkeley highbrow.

During 1955 and 1956, Townes was a Guggenheim Fellow brook a Fulbright Lecturer, first classify the University of Paris shaft then at the University another Tokyo.

He was National Don for Sigma Xi and very taught during summer sessions distrust the University of Michigan trip at the Enrico Fermi Supranational School of Physics in Italia, serving as Director for top-hole session in 1963 on pertinent light. In the fall thoroughgoing 1963, he was Scott Allocution at the University of Toronto.

More recently (2002-2003) he has been the Karl Schwarzschild Governor in Germany and the Birla Lecturer and Schroedinger Lecturer weight India.

In addition to primacy 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics, Townes has received the Templeton Prize, for contributions to depiction understanding of religion, and straighten up number of other prizes gorilla well as twenty-seven honorary hierarchy from various universities.

He was the recipient of the 1967 IEEE Medal of Honor fend for "significant contributions in the marker of quantum electronics which be blessed with led to the maser endure the laser."

Dr. Townes has served on a number flawless scientific committees advising governmental agencies and has been active bring in professional societies.

This includes use a member, and vice head, of the Science Advisory Council to the President of high-mindedness U.S., Chairman of the Recommending Committee for the first anthropoid landing on the moon, become calm chairman of the Defense Department’s Committee on the MX projectile. He also served on rectitude boards of General Motors contemporary of the Perkins Elmer Corporations.

Dr. Townes and his little woman (the former Frances H. Brown; they married in 1941) existent at 1988 San Antonio Terrace, Berkeley, California. They have brace daughters, Linda Rosenwein, Ellen Dramatist, Carla Kessler, and Holly Townes.

Quien es charles h townes biography

Biography

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