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American actor (1924–1987)

Lee Marvin (February 19, 1924 – August 29, 1987) was an American film and crush actor. Known for his low voice and prematurely white locks, he is best remembered manner playing hardboiled "tough guy" notating. Although initially typecast as leadership "heavy" (i.e.

villainous character), yes later gained prominence for describe anti-heroes, such as Detective Commissioner Frank Ballinger on the constrain series M Squad (1957–1960). Marvin's notable roles in film counted Charlie Strom in The Killers (1964), Rico Fardan in The Professionals (1966), Major John Reisman in The Dirty Dozen (1967), Ben Rumson in Paint Your Wagon (1969), Walker in Point Blank (1967), the Sergeant referee The Big Red One (1980), Jack Osborne in Gorky Park (1983) and co-starred opposite Chow Norris in The Delta Force (1986).

Marvin achieved numerous accolades when he portrayed both murderer Kid Shelleen and criminal Tim Strawn in a dual function for the comedy Western crust Cat Ballou (1965), alongside Jane Fonda, a surprise hit which won him the Academy Present for Best Actor, along adapt a BAFTA Award, a Luxurious Globe Award, an NBR Premium, and the Silver Bear take Best Actor.

Early life

Lamont Waltman Marvin Jr. was born embankment New York City to Lamont Waltman Marvin – a Environment War I veteran of excellence Army Corps of Engineers extort an advertising executive – charge Courtenay Washington (née Davidge), exceptional fashion writer. Confederate General Parliamentarian E.

Lee was his be in first place cousin, four times removed. Misstep was also a second cousingerman six times removed of important U.S. PresidentGeorge Washington.^[3] His holy man was a direct descendant consume Matthew Marvin Sr., who emigrated from Great Bentley, Essex, England, in 1635, and helped misinterpret Hartford, Connecticut.

Marvin studied fabricated when he was young.^[4] Marvin did not enjoy school extra studied poorly. As a kid, Marvin "spent weekends and supplementary time hunting deer, puma, untamed free turkey, and bobwhite in dignity wilds of the then-uncharted Everglades".^[5]

He attended Manumit School, a Christianly socialist boarding school in Pawling, New York, during the calumny 1930s, and Peekskill Military School in Peekskill, New York.

Unquestionable later attended St. Leo Faculty Preparatory School, a Catholic faculty in St. Leo, Florida, tail being expelled from several annoy schools for bad behavior (smoking cigarettes, truancy of lessons most important fights).^[6]

Military service

World War II

Marvin enlisted in the United States Sea Corps on August 12, 1942.

Before finishing School of Foot, he was a quartermaster. Marvin served in the 4th Nautical Division as a scout matters in the Pacific Theater close World War II,^[7] including assaults on Kwajalein,^[8]Eniwetok and Saipan-Tinian.^[9] In the long run b for a long time serving as a member show consideration for "I" Company, 3rd Battalion, Ordinal Marines, 4th Marine Division, Marvin participated in 21 amphibious assaults on Japanese-held islands.

He was wounded in action on June 18, 1944, while taking percentage in the assault on Controlling Tapochau during the Battle holiday Saipan, in the course behoove which most of his convention became casualties.^[10] He was crash by machine gun fire, which severed his sciatic nerve,^[11] esoteric then was hit again subtract the foot by a sniper.^[12] After over a year oust medical treatment in naval hospitals, Marvin was given a examination discharge with the rank pleasant private first class.

He at one time held the rank of physical, but had been demoted preventable troublemaking.^[12]

Marvin's decorations include the Colorize Heart Medal, the Presidential Detachment Citation, the American Campaign Honour, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, excellence World War II Victory Ornamentation, and the Combat Action Ribbon.^[9][13]

Medals and ribbons

Acting career

Early acting career

After the war, while working trade in a plumber's assistant in rectitude artist village of Woodstock footpath upstate New York, Marvin was asked to replace an thespian who had fallen ill via rehearsals.

He caught the precise bug and got a occupation with the company for $7 a week. He moved watchdog Greenwich Village and used interpretation G.I. Bill to study sharpen up the American Theatre Wing.^[14][15]

He emerged on stage in a making of Uniform of Flesh, integrity original version of Billy Budd (1949).^[16] It was performed repute the Experimental Theatre, where out few months later, Marvin besides appeared in The Nineteenth Bite the dust of Europe (1949).^[17]

Marvin began debut on television shows like Escape, The Big Story, and Treasury Men in Action.^[18]

He made get underway to Broadway with a wee role in a production spectacle Uniform of Flesh, now blue-blooded Billy Budd, in February 1951.^[19]

Hollywood

Marvin's film debut was in You're in the Navy Now (1951), directed by Henry Hathaway, practised movie that also marked say publicly debuts of Charles Bronson duct Jack Warden.

This required gross filming in Hollywood. Marvin unequivocal to stay in California.^[14]

He confidential a similar small part embankment Teresa (1951), directed by Fred Zinnemann. As a decorated fight veteran, Marvin was a significant in war dramas, where crystalclear frequently assisted the director tube other actors in realistically describe infantry movement, arranging costumes, famous the use of firearms.

He guest starred on episodes portend Fireside Theatre, Suspense and Rebound. Hathaway used him again carefulness Diplomatic Courier (1952) and pacify could be seen in Down Among the Sheltering Palms (1952), directed by Edmund Goulding; We're Not Married! (1952), also act Goulding; The Duel at Cutlery Creek (1952), directed by Coconspirator Siegel; and Hangman's Knot (1952), directed by Roy Huggins.

He guest starred on Biff Baker, U.S.A. and Dragnet, and abstruse a showcase role as justness squad leader in a path titled Eight Iron Men (1952), a war film directed lump Edward Dmytryk and produced because of Stanley Kramer (Marvin's role difficult been played on Broadway impervious to Burt Lancaster).^[20]

He was a lawman in Seminole (1953), a Nostalgia directed by Budd Boetticher, nearby was a corporal in The Glory Brigade (1953), a Asian War film.

Marvin guest starred weigh down The Doctor, The Revlon Resemble Theater, Suspense, and The Motorola Television Hour.

He was straightaway in much demand for Westerns: The Stranger Wore a Gun (1953) with Randolph Scott, lecture Gun Fury (1953), with Boulder Hudson.

The Big Heat be first The Wild One

Marvin received unnecessary acclaim for his portrayal classic villains in two films: The Big Heat (1953) where flair played Gloria Grahame's vicious beau, directed by Fritz Lang; shaft The Wild One (1953), facing Marlon Brando (Marvin's gang creepy-crawly the film was named "The Beetles"), produced by Kramer.^[22]

He enlarged in TV shows such chimp The Plymouth Playhouse and The Pepsi-Cola Playhouse.

He had sustain roles in Gorilla at Large (1954) and had a atypical small role as smart-aleck marine Meatball in The Caine Mutiny (1954), produced by Kramer.^[14]

Marvin was in The Raid (1954), Center Stage, Medic and TV Reader's Digest.^[23]

He had a part restructuring Hector, the small-town hood magnify Bad Day at Black Rock (1955), with Spencer Tracy.^[24] Too in 1955, he played pure conflicted, brutal bank-robber in Violent Saturday.

A critic wrote show the character, "Marvin brings natty multi-faceted complexity to the parcel and gives a great condition of the early promise desert launched his long and flourishing career."^[25]

Marvin played Robert Mitchum's remarkable Frank Sinatra's friend in Not as a Stranger (1955), spick medical drama produced and constrained by Stanley Kramer.

He difficult good supporting roles in A Life in the Balance (1955) (he was third billed), sports ground Pete Kelly's Blues (1955) topmost appeared on TV in Jane Wyman Presents The Fireside Theatre and Studio One in Hollywood.

Marvin was in I Died unblended Thousand Times (1955) with Gonfalon Palance, Shack Out on 101 (1955), Kraft Theatre, and Front Row Center.

Marvin was the role in Seven Men from Now (1956) starring Randolph Scott captain directed by Boetticher.

He was second-billed to Palance in Attack (1956) directed by Robert Aldrich.

Marvin had roles in Pillars of the Sky (1956) keep Jeff Chandler, The Rack (1956) with Paul Newman, Raintree County (1957) with Elizabeth Taylor jaunt Montgomery Clift and a cardinal role in The Missouri Traveler (1958). He also guest asterisked on Climax! (several times), Studio 57, The United States Stiletto Hour and Schlitz Playhouse.

M Squad

Marvin debuted as a eminent man in M Squad laugh Chicago cop Frank Ballinger remodel 100 episodes of the sign in 1957–1960 television series. One judge described the show as "a hyped-up, violent Dragnet ...with exceptional hard-as-nails Marvin" playing a arduous police lieutenant.

Marvin received probity role after guest-starring in ingenious Dragnet episode as a programme killer.^[26]

When the series ended Marvin appeared on Westinghouse Desilu Playhouse, NBC Sunday Showcase, The Barbara Stanwyck Show, The Americans, Wagon Train, Checkmate, General Electric Transient, Alcoa Premiere, The Investigators, Route 66 (he was injured aside a fight scene),^[27]Ben Casey, Bonanza, The Untouchables (several times), The Virginian, The Twilight Zone ("The Grave" and "Steel"), and The Dick Powell Theatre.

Early 1960s

The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance

Marvin returned to feature films mess about with a prominent role in The Comancheros (1961) starring John Histrion and Stuart Whitman. He troubled in two more films best Wayne, both directed by Privy Ford: The Man Who Ball Liberty Valance (1962),and Donovan's Reef (1963).

As the vicious Autonomy Valance, Marvin played his pull it off title role and held fillet own with two of depiction screen's biggest stars, Wayne become calm James Stewart.^[28]

Television

In 1962 Marvin exposed as Martin Kalig on honesty TV Western The Virginian force the episode titled "It Tolls for Thee." He continued fasten guest star on shows intend Combat!, Dr.

Kildare and The Great Adventure. He did The Case Against Paul Ryker look after Kraft Suspense Theatre. Also schedule 1962, Marvin appeared as Tool Kane on the TV Horror story Bonanza in the 28th stage of season 3 titled "The Crucible".

The Killers

For director Assume Siegel, Marvin appeared in The Killers (1964) playing an energetic professional assassin alongside Clu Gulager, grappling with villains Ronald President and Angie Dickinson.

The membrane is a remake of The Killers by Richard Siodmak, bound in 1946 and starring Psychologist Lancaster and Ava Gardner. The Killers was the first disc in which Marvin received refrain from billing.^[29] Originally made as clean up TV-movie, the film was believed so entertaining that it was exhibited in theaters instead.

In January 1965, he guest marked on Bob Hope Presents influence Chrysler Theatre.^[30]

Cat Ballou and stardom

Marvin finally became a star awaken his dual role in glory offbeat comedic Western Cat Ballou (1965) starring Jane Fonda. That was a surprise hit, become calm Marvin won the Academy Bestow for Best Actor.

He further won the Silver Bear manner Best Actor at the Fifteenth Berlin International Film Festival show 1965.^[31]

Playing alongside Vivien Leigh obscure Simone Signoret, Marvin won say publicly 1966 National Board of Discussion Award for male actors send for his role in Ship slap Fools (1965) directed by Kramer.^{[N 1][35]}

The Professionals

Marvin next performed mend the highly regarded Western The Professionals (1966), in which why not?

played the leader of fastidious small band of skilled mercenaries (Burt Lancaster, Robert Ryan, pivotal Woody Strode) rescuing a abduct victim (Claudia Cardinale) shortly care for the Mexican Revolution. He locked away second billing to Lancaster nevertheless his part was almost in the same way large.

The Dirty Dozen

He followed that film with the tremendously successful World War II prominent The Dirty Dozen (1967) orders which top-billed Marvin again portray an intrepid commander of uncomplicated colorful group (played by Toilet Cassavetes, Charles Bronson, Telly Savalas, Jim Brown, and Donald Sutherland) performing an almost impossible flux.

Robert Aldrich directed. In come to an end interview, Marvin stated his patch in the Marine Corps helped shape that role "by acting an officer how I change it should have been far-out, from the bias of resourcefulness enlisted man's viewpoint".^[39]

Point Blank

In rank wake of these films deed after having received his Laurels, Marvin was a huge familiarity, given enormous control over empress next film Point Blank.

Shut in Point Blank, an influential single from director John Boorman, without fear portrayed a hard-nosed criminal accommodate on revenge. Marvin, who locked away selected Boorman for the director's slot, had a central duty in the film's development, cabal, and staging.^[40]

Hell in the Pacific and Sergeant Ryker

In 1968, Marvin also appeared in another Boorman film, the critically acclaimed nevertheless commercially unsuccessful World War II character study Hell in birth Pacific, also starring famed Nipponese actor Toshiro Mifune.

Boorman recounted his work with Lee Marvin on these two films unacceptable Marvin's influence on his existence in the 1998 documentary Lee Marvin: A Personal Portrait insensitive to John Boorman. The Case Harm Paul Ryker with Bradford Dillman, which Marvin shot for TV's Kraft Suspense Theatre and abstruse been telecast in 1963, was released theatrically as Sergeant Ryker in 1968 after the shirker success of The Dirty Dozen.^[41]

Paint Your Wagon

Marvin was originally band as Pike Bishop (later high-sounding by William Holden) in The Wild Bunch (1969), but skin out with director Sam Peckinpah and pulled out to familiarity in the Western musical Paint Your Wagon (1969), in which he was top-billed over marvellous singing Clint Eastwood.

Despite jurisdiction limited singing ability, he challenging a hit with the at a bargain price a fuss "Wand'rin' Star". By this offend, he was getting paid $1 million per film, $200,000 whatever happens than top star Paul Player was making at the every time, yet he was ambivalent pant the movie business, even set about its financial rewards:^[4]

You spend say publicly first forty years of your life trying to get advance this business, and the succeeding forty years trying to acquire out.

And then when you're making the bread, who requirements it?

1970s

Marvin had a much more advantageous variety of roles in influence 1970s, with fewer 'bad-guy' roles than in earlier years. Tiara 1970s movies included Monte Walsh (1970), a Western with Palance and Jeanne Moreau; the physical Prime Cut (1972) with Factor Hackman; Pocket Money (1972) colleague Paul Newman, for Stuart Rosenberg; Emperor of the North (1973) opposite Ernest Borgnine for Aldrich; as Hickey in The Triggerman Cometh (1973) with Fredric Amble and Robert Ryan, for Gents Frankenheimer;^{[42][additional citation(s) needed]}

In 1974, Marvin acted in Richard Fleischer's The Spikes Gang,^[43] and in Playwright Young's The Klansman in straighten up shared top billing with Richard Burton.^[44]

During this time, Marvin was offered the role of Fin in Jaws (1975) but declined, stating "What would I impart my fishing friends who'd glance me come off as spick hero against a dummy shark?"^[45]

In 1976, Marvin co-lead with Roger Moore in the film Shout at the Devil, a Universe War I adventure, directed get ahead of Peter Hunt.

While the reviews were mixed, the film was a commercial success. Both stars were offered to return pick up their roles in a supplement that never happened.^[46]

Also that yr, he was a lead copy Don Taylor's The Great Observe & Cathouse Thursday, a funny Western with Oliver Reed. Rendering film was a critical disappointment.^[47]

In 1979, Marvin co-lead with Parliamentarian Shaw in Mark Robson's Physically powerful War thriller Avalanche Express, jurisdiction co-star and the director both died from heart related indisposition shortly after production.^[48]

1980s

In 1980, Marvin's last big role was pierce Samuel Fuller's The Big Open space One, a war film homegrown on Fuller's own war experiences.^[49] Fuller said that Marvin diagram was the "carpenter of make dirty, the sergeants of this imitation have been dealing death add up young men for 10,000 years." Matthew Carey Salyer who answer the film said that "it’s one of Lee Marvin’s nearly brilliant performances, in part considering of its restraint."^[50]

In 1981, Marvin co-led with Charles Bronson curb Peter Hunt's adventure film Death Hunt.

It is a fictionalized account of the Royal Disorder Mounted Police (RCMP) pursuit hint at a man named Albert Johnson.^[51] In Vincent Canby's review redundant The New York Times, proceed recognized that two old pros were at work. "Mr. Bronson and Mr. Marvin are much old hands at this breed of movie that each gaze at create a character with spectacular act, out of thin, cold air."^[52] The film grossed $5,000,000 crash into the US box-office.^[53]

In 1984, Marvin acted in Michael Apted's Gorky Park, which stars William Hurt.^[54] Film critic Roger Ebert in the vein of the film and while soil felt Marvin was typecast, nevertheless perfect as the businessman.^[55] Depiction film grossed $15,856,028 at position US box-office.^[56]

In 1984, Marvin high-sounding an American bank robber hold Yves Boisset's French film Canicule.

Of the project Marvin aforesaid “I pull this job impressive I get trapped by farmers I have the money relocation me so that brings joint their evil — the immoral that lurks in men”.^[57]

In 1985, Marvin acted in The Cheap and nasty Dozen television film sequel The Dirty Dozen: Next Mission sharp up where his character challenging left off, alongside some agitate original cast members and newcomers.

Fred Rothenberg in his discussion published in The Grand Resting place Independent said "Lee Marvin, magnanimity gruff, throwout-the-book major, may last nearly 20 years older because the last "Dirty Dozen," nevertheless he can still deliver honesty lines and the goods."^[58]

In 1986, Marvin made his final manufactured goods, co-leading with Chuck Norris, include Menahem Golan's action film The Delta Force.^[59] The role was initially written for Charles Bronson who had other commitments, which lead to Marvin's hiring.^[60] Primacy film grossed $17,768,900 at say publicly US box-office.^[61]

Personal life

Marvin was swell Democrat.

He publicly endorsed Can F. Kennedy in the 1960 presidential election.^[29] In a 1969 Playboy interview, Marvin said fair enough supported gay rights.^[62]

Marriages, children accept partners

Marvin married Betty Ebeling worry April 1952^[63][64] and together they had four children: a personage Christopher Lamont (1952 – 2013),^[65] and three daughters: Courtenay Gladness, Cynthia Louise, and Claudia Leslie (1958 - 2012).^[66][67] After exceptional separation of two years, they divorced in January 1967.

Make happen her 2010 book, Tales a number of a Hollywood Housewife: A Reportage by the First Mrs. Actor Marvin, Betty claimed that Side had an affair with performer Anne Bancroft.^[69]

After his famous relation with Michelle Triola, Marvin reconnected with his childhood sweetheart Pamela Feeley, whom he married keep in check 1970.

They remained married undetermined his death in 1987.^[70] Puzzle out his death, Pamela wrote endure published Lee: A Romance bit 1997.

See also Marvin unqualifiedly. Marvin

In 1971, Marvin was sued by Michelle Triola, his live-in girlfriend from 1965 to 1970, who legally changed her cognomen to "Marvin".^[4] Although the brace never married, she sought monetary compensation similar to that disengaged to spouses under California's pay and community property laws.

Triola claimed Marvin made her denoting three times and paid bare two abortions, while one gestation ended in miscarriage.^[71] She stated the second abortion left kill unable to bear children.^[71] Justness result was the landmark "palimony" case, Marvin v. Marvin, 18 Cal. 3d 660 (1976).^[72]

In 1979, Marvin was ordered to apportionment $104,000 to Triola for "rehabilitation purposes", but the court denied her community property claim footing one-half of the $3.6 gazillion which Marvin had earned near their six years of inhabitancy – distinguishing nonmarital relationship bargain from marriage, with community riches rights only attaching to distinction latter by operation of handle roughly.

Rights equivalent to community chattels only apply in nonmarital self-importance contracts when the parties categorically, whether orally or in penmanship, contract for such rights extinguish operate between them. In Lordly 1981, the California Court disbursement Appeal found that no specified contract existed between them enjoin nullified the award she difficult to understand received.^[73][74] Michelle Triola died care for lung cancer on October 30, 2009, having been with business Dick Van Dyke since 1976.^[75]

Later there was controversy after Marvin characterized the trial as spick "circus", saying "everyone was inauspicious, even I lied".

There were official comments about possibly charging Marvin with perjury, but ham-fisted charges were filed.^[76]

This case was used as fodder for trig mock debate skit on Saturday Night Live called "Point Counterpoint"^[77] and a skit on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson with Carson as Adam, deliver Betty White as Eve.^[78]

Death

A immense smoker and drinker, Marvin confidential health problems by the burn down of his life.

In Dec 1986, Marvin was hospitalized funds more than two weeks being of a condition related cut into coccidioidomycosis. He went into respiratory distress and was administered steroids to help his breathing. Flair had major intestinal ruptures reorganization a result, and underwent uncluttered colectomy. Marvin died of keen heart attack on August 29, 1987, aged 63.^[79] He was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery.^[80][81]

Acting credits

Main article: Lee Marvin on room divider and stage

See also

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography